1988     

DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY - 1988.  In a 1988 article, Jim Pomeroy defined digital photography: "Digital Photography" can be defined as the electronic recording of visual information such that it can be recalled, viewed, processed, transmitted, and reproduced by means of computer memory and storage.   He also said, "Digital photography will not replace 'chemical' photography anymore than photography replaced painting -- but painting, and the rest of the world, did change profoundly with photography's widespread inception."

In an article by Al Fasoldt in 1989, he remarked, "...problems aren't holding back the development of the new system (electronic photography), which many experts believe will take over completely from film cameras by the middle of the next century (2050)."

Seems folks weren't too optimistic about the future of electronic photography in those days!

FIRST ANIMATED HOLOGRAM MAGAZINE COVER -1988.  The July 1988 issue of Computer Graphics and Applications was published with an animated hologram, when the cover was  tilted left to right the baby opened and closed his mouth.  The cover was designed by Jay Simpson and the image was created by John Lasseter of Pixar using 150 separate frames at 1024 x 1024 pixels.  American Signature Graphics and ABN Holographics were responsible for actual production of the cover.   Computer Graphics and Applications, July 1988, pages 4-6.  Magazine donated to DigiCamHistory.Com by Norman Breslow.   We believe we were the first digital camera history web site to provide a photo and information concerning this item.

CANON RC-470 - 1988.  The Canon still video RC-470 had 400-line quality (1/2-inch, 360,000 pixel CCD).  The RC-470 was part of the Canon Professional Still Video Imaging Kit that listed at $4,899 and included the FV-540 (on right), a SCSI-based 2-inch video floppy drive, and SV Scan image editing software.  The drive and software would display thumbnails of all photos.

http://global.canon/en/c-museum/history/story07.html

CANON RC-250 XAPSHOT (Ion in Europe, Q-PIC in Japan) - 1988.  The XapShot was a Hi-band still video camera with a 1/2-inch 200K pixel CCD.  ISO 100.  11mm f/2.8 lens.  Shutter 1/30 to 1/500 second.  The XapShot had a built-in flash, self-timer, and an unusual rechargeable lead acid battery.  MSRP $499.   The $499 was just for the camera itself.  Also required was a $999 kit which included one floppy disk, the battery, and computer interface card with software.  The two-inch floppy disks sold for $10 each.  The USA version of the XapShot could send a NTSC signal to a TV/VCR for playback and recording of images.  There was also a very basic software utility that worked under System 6/7 for the Mac in conjuction with the Computer Eyes NuBus video capture card that the camera connected to.  Later, a Plug-in shipped that worked with Letraset's ColorStudio and then Adobe Photoshop to capture the images.  Popular Photography.  December 1991.  p108.  Click on image to see enlarged view of XapShot exterior and cutaway view.
http://global.canon/en/c-museum/history/story07.html

 
Q-PIC version of the RC-250 sold in Japan. There was also a white version that was sold as a Q-PIC or one that had a sticker on the upper right-hand corner that merely said RC-250 such as the one shown above in the middle.   It also came in black and white when fitted with the optional Action Grip AG-C25 which had a threaded hole for tripod mounting that the camera itself did not have.  Also, a Canon telephoto lens could be attached to the Action Grip (photo far right).  We believe we were the first digital camera history web site to provide a photo and information concerning this camera.

The AS-C25 Action Set included the Action Grip AG-C25 and the TC-C2513 telephoto lens.  The MF-C25 Macro Frame was an optional item.

 
CHINON CP9-AF - 1988.  Chinon developed an electronic still video back for its CP9-AF 35mm SLR camera.  640 x 480 pixel CCD.  ISO 160.  Shutter 1/8 to 1/2000 second.  50 field-frame still video images recorded on a two-inch floppy disk .The back offered single or continuous picture taking at 3 frames per second, automatic and manual white balance, and data recording. However, the digital back apparently never was marketed by Chinon. A 6-volt 2CR5 lithium battery supplied the power. The viewfinder used an optical relay with 2X magnification and 90-percent frame coverage. MSRP for the CP9-AF body: $540.  Popular Photography, May 1988, p90.  Click on image to see full-page view..  We believe we were the first digital camera history web site to provide a photo and information concerning this camera.

https://books.google.com/books?id=Yg_5lVaHf-4C&pg=PA69&lpg=PA69&dq=chinon+%2B+%22cp9-af%22&source=bl&ots=QtYD9VWKKt&sig=4i15MmqzPM0TWIrQNdu0wfMaPsw&hl

=en&sa=X&ved=0CD0Q6AEwBzgKahUKEwjo1aC5zp3IAhWCeD4KHQLxBxA#v=onepage&q=chinon%20%2B%20%22cp9-af%22&f=false

DISNEY MICKEY-MATIC (Model A) - 1988.  Manufatured by Kodak and sold under other names, such as the Winner, Gimini, Galactic, Kodak Kids Camera, etc.  It came in blue and pink and had a picture of Mickey Mouse on the top. Used flip-flash and 110 Film (16mm wide).   It came with a braded string type wrist strap. The Flip-Flash required no batteries and automatically used the next forward facing flash bulb. The shutter speed is 1/90 of a second with or without a Flip-Flash plugged in. The lens is a 25mm fixed focus f/11 and has a focus range of 5ft to infinity.  Sold in a blister pack containing a roll of Kodacolor 110 ISO 200 film, wrist strap, instructions, and a mail-in coupon for a limited edition Mickey Mouse ceramic frame for the price of $4.49.  Apparently sold in great numbers as there always many for sale on eBay.  Camera MSRP $12.99.

https://www.collectiblend.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=4129

FUJI SRAM Image Memory Card - 1988.  SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) cards are used for temporarily backing up parameters, programs, data and drive data.  The Fujix SRAM card, which was developed with Toshiba, held two megabytes of SRAM, and could hold between 5 and 10 photographs.  It was used in the Fujix DS-1P of 1988, the world's first fully digital consumer camera and the first to record digital images on removable flash card media (see Fuji DS-1P photos below).

http://camera-wiki.org/wiki/Fujix_DS-1P

https://petapixel.com/2016/06/09/photo-history-worlds-first-fully-digital-camera-invented-fuji/

https://www.digitalkameramuseum.de/en/memorycards

FUJI CARD CAMERA - PHOTOKINA 1988.   A preproduction version of the Fuji DS-1P was shown at the 1988 Photokina in Colone, West germany, as the Card Camera. It had a 400 kilopixel CCD and saved up to ten images on a removable 16MB Toshiba SRAM card. Popular Photography, December 1988, page 94 and 95.  We believe we were the first digital camera history web site to provide a photo and information concerning this camera.

FUJI DS-1P - 1988.   The DS-1P was the world's first fully digital consumer camera and the first to record digital images on removable flash card media.  It recorded images digitally on SRAM memory cards (SRAM - Static Random Access Memory), with built-in battery for maintaining the memory rather than on a floppy disk as used by still video cameras of that time.  The card was developed jointly with Toshiba.   400K CCD.  Fixed-focus 16mm f/5.6 (f/4 with flash) lens.  Shutter 1/60 to 1/2000 second. Although Fuji demonstrated the DS-1P, there is no record of Fuji having marketed the camera. The DS-X of 1989 was their first known marketing of a digital camera.   Understanding Electronic Photography, John J. Larish, 1990, p44.  We believe we were the first digital camera history web site to provide a photo and information concerning this camera.

GET MORE INFO CLICK HERE

FUJI ES-20 - 1988.  Still video camera.  2/3-inch 400K pixel CCD.  ISO 80 to ISO 320.  12.5mm to 25mm f/2.8 zoom lens.  Shutter 1/2 to 1/1000 second.  Autofocus and built-in flash.  Audio. The third photo above on the upper right was kindly provided by a viewer in China.  The two bottom photos are from a seller requesting $749 in August of 2018.   Understanding Electronic Photography, John J. Larish, 1990, p.35.  We believe we were the first digital camera history web site to provide a photo and information concerning this camera.

http://camera-wiki.org/wiki/Fujifilm_digital_cameras

https://www.digitalkameramuseum.de

https://www.digitalkameramuseum.de/en/esvc/item/fujix

FUJI ES-30TW - 1988.  Still video camera.  On sale December 1989.  1/2-inch 400K CCD.  ISO 100 to 400.  7mm f/3.4 and 14mm f/4 lenses.  Auto focus and built-in flash.  Shutter 1/2 to 1/500 second.  As with other still video cameras of the time, the ES-30TW recorded images on mini floppy disks (see photo on the left). $720 in Japan.  Popular Photography.  December 1991.  p108. The above camera set was graciously donated by Gary Barr. Although Gary is not a collector, he has a collector's appreciation for early electronic camera technology and has kept his ES-30TW in like-new condition. Unlike many others who discard such items when they become obsolete or nonoperational, Gary searched for a new home for his camera where it would be greatly appreciated and given lots of TLC. Remember, that latest piece of technology you have recently purchased will someday become obsolete as do all such products. You can do future generations a favor by keeping in original condition with the box, manual, and all other items that came with you purchase because, sooner than you think, it will become a historical item of interest. If you do, you may someday see your high tech gadget in a museum where your children and grandchildren can enjoy it as you once did.  The ES-30TW was sold only in Japan so it is unlikely that it would be found on any eBay site other than Japan.   Nor can it be found on the Fujifilm web site, even as a discontinued model.   It is apparenlty extremely rare, especially in unused condition, thus its market value would be very difficult to estimate.  We believe we were the first digital camera history web site to provide a photo and information concerning this camera.

http://camera-wiki.org/wiki/Fujifilm_digital_cameras

https://books.google.com/books?id=9i41hsvnbUYC&pg=PA102&lpg=PA102&dq=FUJI+%2B+%22ES-30TW%22&source=bl&ots=u1I550VWaZ&sig=-xJtWHw0SL2bAzdiLFXm64i8BJ4&hl=en&sa=X&ved

=0ahUKEwikiLbj9fPYAhXH7VMKHabjCg8Q6AEIRDAG#v=onepage&q=FUJI%20%2B%20%22ES-30TW%22&f=false

https://www.dpreview.com/forums/thread/2144695

http://www.g-mark.org/award/describe/17431

http://happycloversw.blog129.fc2.com/blog-entry-105.html?sp&photo=true

GERARD J. HOLZMANN / THE DIGITAL DARKROOM - 1988.  In 1988, Holzmann published the book, Beyond Photography, where he coined the term 'digital darkroom.'  In his book Holzmann demonstrated how photographs could be scanned into a computer and manipulated in a 'digital darkroom' at a resolution that was close to the resolution of commonly used films and photographic papers at that time.  This was done by an early digital image editing system that was developed at Bell Labs in 1984.  Digital cameras did not exist at that time, but digital scanners of good quality were readily available.  Once a photo was digitized and in a computer, the mathematics for how the pixels were to be displayed could be altered with a variety of formulas that resulted in digitized photos that were significantly different from the originals and which could be repeated from one photograph to another.  Many of the resulting distortions of the original photograph were merely humorous, but some did have practical or artistic purposes.  In 1991 Norman Breslow published his book, Basic Digital Photography, which described how true colored works of art could be produced by using a TARGA-16 digital photography graphics board (see 1991 year page). 

In addition to developing the math for the digital manipulation of photographs, Holzmann made this very prophetic statement on page eight of his book, " It's not unlikely that within the next ten years the conventional camera we all use today will be replaced by a digital camera that takes photos on a floppy disk that is 'processed' in a normal personal computer with the type of soft ware presented in this book."� 

http://spinroot.com/gerard/

http://spinroot.com/pico/index.html

NIKON TV REMOTE FINDER SYSTEM - 1988.  See Nikon Video Remote Control, 1962.  Nikon adapted one of their new 1988 F4 35 mm film cameras as a device which allowed viewing of the image on a TV screen rather than the original camera viewfinder.  The viewfinder had an internal CCD which could then operate as an analog still video camera. Photos by Ron Volmershausen (photo on right is same as appears on the Nikon history site below).

http://imaging.nikon.com/history/chronicle/history-f/

JPEG and MPEG - 1988.   The Joint Photographic Experts Group selects method for image compression - DCT, Discrete Cosine Transform.  JPEG is a lossy compression file format that may or may not cause visible degradation in an image depending on the amount of compression selected.  JPEG was developed so that it would be practical to transmit images electronically over the Internet. MPEG was adopted for video-type (moving) images. In 1994/5 ISO Standard ISO 10918 was published as a multi-part international standard that collectively defines JPEG. (NOTE: If you understand the below referenced material, move to the head of the class!)

http://radiographics.rsnajnls.org/cgi/content/full/21/3/789

KODAK TACTICAL DIGITAL CAMERA- 1988. The Kodak Tactical Camera was a follow-up of the 1987 Kodak Electro-Optic Camera. It was designed for the purpose of demonstrating the potential of digital photography. Images were stored on DRAM, twelve at high resolution or 48 at 640 x 480 pixels. The Tactical Camera was designed by Kodak's James McGarvey, lead engineer in Kodak's Federal Systems Division who kindly supplied the above photo and information. Kodak technician Tom McCarthy did construction work and Mark Prescott engineered the SCSI interface firmware for recording on an Exabyte drive. Much more information concerning this and other early Kodak DSLRs can be seen on Mr. McGarvey's web site at:

http://jemcgarvey.com

KODAK PRISM XLC ELECTRONIC PREVIEWING SYSTEM - 1988.  This system eliminated the need for Polaroid prints to preview film prints while doing studio photography. It used a still video system to show the photographer and model in real time what the finished paper print would look like when returned from the print lab. It also allowed the photographer to tell the print lab which shots to print therby saving time and trips to the lab. Images could be stored on mini still video floppy dics available at that time and could be played back using a still video player/recorder.   We believe wewere the first digital camera history web site to provide a photo and information concerning this camera.

https://www.photo.net/discuss/threads/kodak-prism-xlc-previewing-system.460627/

KONICA KC-100 - 1988.  Still video camera.  Predecessor to the KC-300 shown below. Stored up to 50 analog photos at up to 15 photos per second on a mini floppy disc. Popular Photography, May 1988, page 71.  We believe we were the first digital camera history web site to provide a photo and information concerning this camera.

http://camera-wiki.org/wiki/Konica_KC-100

http://camera-wiki.org/wiki/Konica_KC-300

KONICA KC-300, KC-300B - 1988.  Still video camera.  1/2-inch, 300K CCD.  ISO 100.  Fixed-focus 12mm f/2.8  lens.  Shutter 1/15 to 1/2000 second.  Built-in flash.  Price in Japan, $720. Images were recorded on mini floppy disks which could then be shown on a TV using a still video player such as the Konica KR-400 shown below.  KC-300B aparently referred to a black version, but as seen above, there seems to have been at least three versions, light gray and black, dark gray and black, and an all dark gray version, one of which may have been a prototype.  Sold only in Japan, thus rarely seen on U.S. eBay. Price, $675 U.S. in Japan.  Battery charger playback unit KP-300 $215 U.S.  Accessory kit $130 U.S.   Popular Photography, December 1991,  p108. Understanding Electronic Photography, John J. Larish, 1990, p36.  We believe we were the first digital camera history web site to provide a photo and information concerning this camera.

http://camera-wiki.org/wiki/Konica_KC-300

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Konica_KC-300_and_Konica_KP-300_CP%2B_2011.jpg

Konica KR-400 Still Video Player

MACINTOSH IMAGE PROGRAMS - 1988.  Digital Darkroom by Silicon Beach Software was the first image manipulation program for the Macintosh computer (grayscale only). The PhotoMac by Avalon Development was the first color image manipulation program available for the Macintosh. Information kindly provided by Michel Coste of  http://www.micmac.com/ .

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_Beach_Software

Copyrighted Photo by Jarle Aasland, http://www.nikonweb.com/qv1000c/gallery/qv1000c_800px.jpg

NIKON QV-1000C - 1988.  SLR monochromatic still video camera.   About 180 units sold.  Due to this extremely low production figure, QV-1000Cs are very rarely available for sale and may command prices of several thousand dollars or more.  2/3-inch, 380K CCD.  ISO 400, 800, and 1600.  Nikkor 10-40mm f/1.4, 11-20mm f/2, or F-mount lenses with F-mount adapter.  Focal plane shutter 1/8 to 1/2000 second.  Price in U.S. with accessories, $20,300.  Popular Photography.  December 1991.  p109.  We believe we were the first digital camera history web site to provide a photo and information concerning this camera.

An interesting article concerning the QV-1000C appears under the title "Unlucky Cousins". (originally at: http://www.nikon.co.jp/main/eng/portfolio/about/history/cousins/cousins16_e.htm) The four-page article attempts to explain the market-place failure of the QV-1000: Still video cameras were used by a few newspapers on trial, and when carrying a photo taken by a still video camera, usually the caption "taken by still video camera or made by a still video camera" was placed below the photo.  As most of pictures were poor in quality, it was a kind of excuse, it was due to the quality of the still video camera, not due to the lack of capacity of a photographer, nor the poor printing technique.  However, the pictures taken by Nikon QV-1000C were never given such a caption in spite of many opportunities of being printed in newspapers.  As the quality of the picture was as good as that of a silver-halide film picture, such an excuse quoting the name of the product might not be necessary.  Thus the QV-1000C has lost the opportunity of being known by people, because its quality was good enough for practical use; it was an irony of the fate.  In other words, according to the writer, the QV-1000 failed because it was so much better than other electronic cameras of the time!

http://www.nikonweb.com/qv1000c/

PANASONIC AG-ES10 - 1988.   Still video camera (Canon RC-470) .  1/2 inch, 360K pixel interlaced scanning CCD, ISO 80 (Frame) and 160 (Field).  Shutter 1/60 second.   Lens with two preset foci at 9mm (48mm) and 16mm (86mm) focal lengths.  Price, $1,650 with adapter/charger.  Popular Photography.  December 1991.  p109.  Two photos on the right by Nomura Masato.  We believe we were the first digital camera history web site to provide a photo and information concerning this camera. 

http://camera-wiki.org/wiki/Panasonic_AG-ES10

PENTAX - 1988.  Pentax prototype of EI series of still video cameras.  Shown at Photokina '88.  1/2-inch 360K CCD.  B&W images recorded to floppy disk.  3X 8mm to 24mm f/2.8 zoom.  10-20 seconds audio per frame.  Understanding Electronic Photography, John J. Larish, 1990, p41.  Click on image for enlarged view.  We believe we were the first digital camera history web site to provide a photo and information concerning this camera.

http://www.aohc.it/_old/proto4e.html

https://www.digitalkameramuseum.de/en/esvc/item/pentax-ei-series-svc-1988

https://books.google.com/books?id=G3D3v_S6X7UC&pg=PA56&lpg=PA56&dq=%22CHINON+S-2000%22&source=bl&ots=UNtlVV4Azz&sig=4H0dSl0oc7jD0Ir2icVCpGJ72Xs&hl=en&sa=#v=onepage&q

=%22CHINON%20S-2000%22&f=false 

POLAROID 8801 HiRES STILL VIDEO CAMERA AND COMPANION PRINTER - 1988.  The Polaroid HiRES still video system was capable of capturing both B&W and color still images.  Resolution was 1134 x 486 (551,124) active pixels in the still mode and 1134 x 972 (1.1MP) pixels in the interlace mode.  The CCD was 2/3-inch in size.  The system consisted of a camera, a control unit, and a printer using Polaroid type 53 or 55 film for hard copy.  ISO was approximately 600 and shutter speeds varied from 1/60 to 1/500 second.  This system was unique in that is recorded sill images on VHS video tape.  Up to 14,000 high resolution (1134 x 486) images could be stored on a single tape.  The HiRES control unit was able to store images in digitized form so that they could be also stored on magnetic or optical disks as well as being adjusted by image editing programs.  Hard copies of 4 x 5-inch size could be printed instantly by using the companion printer which had a high resolution flat-faced CRT monitor for that purpose.  A color version of the system, the G camera, was demonstrated at Photokina '90.  Color was obtained by three consecutive exposures through RGB filters.  Total color exposure time was as little as three seconds capturing approximately 3.6MP of information.  The Polaroid 8801 still video system was used at the Democratic National Convention in 1988.  Images were transmitted to an Associated Press electronic darkroom at the convention center and then to the AP headquarters in New York.  The normal silver-halide steps of photographing, developing, and then scanning were bypassed.  Instead, all images were handled electronically with the first hard copies appearing only at the receiving newspaper's Wirephoto machine (Larish, John J.  Electronic Photography.  1990.  P99).  Information, photos, and drawing were provided by Richard Kee who was Director, Electronic Imaging, of the group at Polaroid that developed the 8801 system.   We believe we were the first digital camera history web site to provide a photo and information concerning this camera. 

Polaroid 8801 HiRES system showing various viewing and recording options.  Click on diagram to see large image.
 
 
 

Richard Kee of Polaroid accepts the first order for Polaroid's electronic imaging system from Hadland Photonics of the United Kingdom on May 18, 1988.  Hadland used the Polaroid camera in their SV-553 system designed for hi-speed photography.  They were the first to use still video photography to display instant still photos of ballistic tests on a PC monitor.  Exposure times were measured in nano seconds - billionths of a second! 

Polaroid chose not to pursue digital photography.  Instead, the CEO elected to continue with instant photography.  Mr. Kee disagreed with him, but Polaroid stopped the project killing the possibility of Polaroid becoming a successful entry in the developing digital camera industry.  They eventually went the way of Kodak for similar reasons.

Vision and Foresight Ignored:  Richard Kee was Director of Research and Development at Polaroid in 1988.  He was very prescient, clearly seeing the imminent advancement of digital technology, but his vision was ignored within his own company.  At the following URL you can view his historic presentation at MIT on 30 March 1988:  https://drive.google.com/file/d/1F1IGYvKZ8zIO0g3X_Rr4TeTEGMqYCNxl/view?usp=drive_web

In the presentation Kee listed the many advantages of digital technology over film - and even more over instant (Polaroid prints) - ability to manipulate the image, etc.   With Polaroid - you were stuck with the results - no control.  Other advantages of digital that Kee noted were:  Merging of photos and text, electronic transmission, multiple prints, and instant viewing of a photo.  Kee pointed out that the Sony 1981 Mavica camera had print capability which even then equaled Polaroid's hard copy capability.  "Need company support to advance."  More improvement required - it will come!  "Whatever you can imagine you can do!"  We need to do something now (to stay in the game).  Floppies not good enough for storage, need optical system.  "Fifty percent of homes will have computers by the time digital imaging  becomes available."  Quality now is not good enough, need higher resolution - "We will get there."  Challenge Triangle:  Quality  / Cost / Convenience.  Needs:  more pixels, speed of processing, high volume sales, power, payback, pizazz - capture the public's imagination - customer has to want it.  "Biggest challenge is to ourselves - bright future if you meet the challenges."

Thanks to  Richard Kee's son, Kevin, for the above photo and information.

 Hadland instant bullet photo (Approx. 400 Nano Seconds).

http://www.jrussbeauchamp.com/dcs/extras.phpe

POLAROID COOL CAM 600 - 1988.   One of the many popular Polaroid instant cameras marketed over the years since the original model 95 of 1948.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Polaroid_instant_cameras

POLAROID SE-5 SPECIAL EVENTS CAMERA  - 1988.   The SE-5 was another Polaroid system similar to the M500 ID System of 1975 in that most members of the public would not recognize it even though they may have been photographed by it, maybe more than once.  The SE-5 Special Events Camera was used at school dances and at shopping malls during Christmas when young moms with kids would line up for photo's with Santa Claus at $5  each. The first photo is of the camera in the stowed position - note the carrying handle on top.  The next two photos show the camera in the open ready-to-use position.  The camera used film packs of Polaroid 399 instant film.  F4.5, 150mm lens.  Shutter 1/60 second.  It produced 3 x 4 inch prints.  This particular sample shows no signs of use whatsoever except for the photo counter.  It is very sturdy and reminds one of equipment seen in a doctor's office.  Weight is 29 lbs.  MSRP $1,895 ($3,790 in 2014 dollars).  

http://camera-wiki.org/wiki/Polaroid_SE-5

RICOH MIRAI - 1988.   The owner of this camera kept all the paperwork that came with it - something every buyer should do as it increases the value of the camera to a collector when the time comes to sell it. Note the hand grip on the left which served as the battery compartment and was also adjustable as to angle. The Ricoh Mirai was a 35mm, autofocus camera launched by Ricoh in 1988. It was equipped with a 38--105 mm auto zoom lens made of 12 elements in 11 groups. The Mirai was extremely compact and easy-to-use, featuring LCD panel, and a viewfinder system.

http://camerapedia.wikia.com/wiki/Ricoh_Mirai

 
SONY MAVICA MVC-C1 PERSONAL CAMERA AND MVC-A10 SOUND MAVICA - 1988.  The MVC-A10  ($350) and MVC-C1 ($230) were Sony's first Hi-band still video cameras intended for the consumer market.  Both cameras were essentially the same except that the A10 could record up to 9.6 seconds of sound with each of 25 images when in Field mode.  Both cameras had a 2/3-inch 280K MOS image sensor, ISO 80.  Lenses were 15mm f/2.8 with shutter speeds of 1/60 to 1/500 second.   Features included built-in flash, self-timer, and MAP-T1 Playback Controller for viewing photos on a television set.  Popular Photography.  December 1991.  p109.  Click on left photo to see large image of C1 with acessories.  We believe we were the first digital camera history web site to provide a photo and information concerning this camera.

https://www.digitalkameramuseum.de/en/esvc/category/sony-3

https://www.engadget.com/products/sony/mavica/mvc-c1/review/

SONY GV-8 VIDEO TV RECORDER / VIDEO WALKMAN - 1988.  Almost everyone is familiar with the Sony D-5 Discman portable CD player of 1984.  However, many may not be aware that Sony also marketed a similar portable TV device in 1988, the GV-8. The GV-8 had a 3-inch color liquid crystal diode screen with active matrix system and used the 8mm video tape format.  The VCR component of the GV-8 featured a high-speed picture search to scan recordings; a one-day, one-event timer for time-shift recordings; and a built-in TV tuner with full VHF and UHF channel reception.  The unit operated on AC or DC current, rechargeable NP-55 battery or alkaline batteries when used with an optional adaptor.  A close-up viewer attachment, the VCV-GV8, was also available.  MSRP $1,300 ($3,000 in 2021 dollars).

https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1988/06/06/sony-launches-2-personal-video-products/3617ce7e-9588-4024-af79-8ebc1c109d63/

SONY CCD-SP7 SPORTS HANDYCAM - 1988.  The splashproof CCD-SP7 was designed for resistance to moisture when recording so that it could be used outdoors under less than desirable conditions. Sony directed repair technicians to check them for watertightness in the shower after any repairs had been made. (Not too sure that many electronics repair shops have showers on the premises.) 6X power zoom with six shutter speeds up to 1/4000 sec. MSRP $1,850 (about $3,550 in 2011). Popular Mechanics, February 1989, page 60.   We believe we were the first digital camera history web site to provide a photo and information concerning this camera.

http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1988-12-09/entertainment/8802230183_1_camcorder-f40-resistant

STILL VIDEO PHONES - 1988.   In 1964, AT&T demonstrated the first video calls at the World's Fair in New York (Picturephone).  The concept of video telephony is as old as the telephone itself, with theoretical systems being recorded as far back as the 1870s.  The 1927 movie, Metropolis, involved a scene with a video phone.  There was also a video phone sequence in the movie, 2001, A Space Odyssey.  In 1988, video phones  went on sale in Japan.  In 1989, Sony announced a color video phone.  What happened?  With greatly improved technology and significantly lowered costs, video phones are still virtually non-existent.  The answer is the idea has never caught on with the public.  Apparently, people were only comfortable speaking face-to-face when the other person is actually physically present.  Now, tablets with video capability perform that task.

https://ethw.org/Picturephone#:~:text=Bell%20Labs%20resumed%20video%20telephone,their%20own%20video%20telephone%20calls.

1988